Less than 1 per cent of patients who underwent cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass might be at risk for infection

Letters have been sent to thousands of heart surgery patients since 2012, about a slight risk of bacterial infection.
Photo Credit: Majdi Mohammed/Associated Press

Health concerns over critical heart surgery machine

A critical piece of equipment used especially in open heart surgeries is now in question. A warning has been issued that the equipment may transmit a rare slow-developing bacteria known as  non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM).

Letters have been sent to thousands of heart patients across Canada and around the world where this particular blood temperature device is used.

The blood heater/cooler is a critical device during open heart surgery
The *LivaNova* blood heater/cooler is a critical device during open heart surgery. Thousands of patients who have had such surgeries since 2012 are being advised of a slight risk of infection of a rare but potential serious bacterium.

Those having had heart surgery since 2012 are being advised to watch for symptoms which include

  • Fever
  • Night sweats
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Muscle and joint aches
  • Fatigue
  • Redness, heat or pus around the incision site

A report by the US Centre for Disease Control (CDC) said 46 percent of those contracting the bacteria have died.

Blue arrows identify the cardioplegia circuit and shows cardioplegia solution entering the “heart lung machine.” Cardioplegia is used to stop the heart during surgery.Rectangles with zigzag lines are heat exchange coils. They separate heater-cooler fluid flow from patient fluid or blood flow.Red arrows identify the patient blood circuit and shows hot water flow and patient blood flow.Additionally, the water in the heater-cooler device is isolated from the patient, cardioplegia solution and blood circuits.
Blue arrows identify the cardioplegia circuit and shows cardioplegia solution entering the “heart lung machine.” Cardioplegia is used to stop the heart during surgery.Rectangles with zigzag lines are heat exchange coils. They separate heater-cooler fluid flow from patient fluid or blood flow.Red arrows identify the patient blood circuit and shows hot water flow and patient blood flow.Additionally, the water in the heater-cooler device is isolated from the patient, cardioplegia solution and © US FDA

The symptoms can take up to four years to develop, and if caught, can take a year of anti-bacterial treatment to cure.

It is suspected that the machines, widely used in North America and Europe were contaminated by the commonly occurring bacteria during manufacture and the contamination not detected at the time.

Presently two patients in Canada and  over two dozen in the US have been detected.

However, doctors point out the chance of infection from the machine is extremely low.

Additional information – sources

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