Soviet submarines have long been believed to have routinely patrolled the Canadian Arctic during the Cold War. Now, there is documented proof in the form of recently revealed Soviet era nautical charts, which are more detailed than even Canada's own charts. They confirm the extent of Russians' familiarity with Canada's Arctic waters.

But with all the circumpolar nations, including Russia, claiming their sovereignty in the Arctic under the United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea , how vulnerable is Canada to submarine threat now, and what underwater surveillance system does it have in place, if any? Marc Montgomery speaks with Rob Huebert, the Associate Director of the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies at the University of Calgary, who says that it is absolutely necessary for Canada to have a surveillance capability in the Arctic.